Editorial Standards.

Constructive, factual coverage

The publication focuses on positive developments and neutral, useful accounts of events. Calm presentation does not change the underlying facts. Relevant qualifications, eligibility limits and uncertainty belong in a story when needed to understand what the evidence shows.

Political and public-policy coverage is nonpartisan and descriptive. News, explainers, analysis, opinion and advertising should be distinguishable to the reader.

Sources, claims and dates

Articles link to the public records, research, institutions or announcements on which their reporting is based. A source’s projection or announcement is attributed to that source; proposed, approved, funded and completed are different stages.

Research reporting distinguishes laboratory results, clinical studies, authorization and established use. Economic figures retain their reference periods and units. Reporting about courts and public institutions is information, not individualized legal advice.

Bylines and photography

An Editorial Desk byline denotes a source-based summary issued by the publication. Firsthand reporting, interviews or independent measurements are claimed only when they actually occurred. File and illustrative photographs must not be presented as proof of an event they do not show.

Material commercial relationships, paid placements and advertising should be labeled clearly. Image creators and usage information are listed on the Image Credits page.

Corrections and updates

Material factual corrections should identify what changed and when. A later update should not silently change the original event date or disguise older reporting as breaking news. The Corrections page identifies the current status of the reader contact channel.